{"id":520,"date":"1993-03-17T11:00:00","date_gmt":"1993-03-17T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/?p=520"},"modified":"2026-09-26T15:29:09","modified_gmt":"2026-09-26T13:29:09","slug":"des-reseaux-de-neurones-de-1993-au-prix-nobel-2024","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/1993\/03\/17\/des-reseaux-de-neurones-de-1993-au-prix-nobel-2024\/","title":{"rendered":"Des r\u00e9seaux de neurones de 1993 au prix Nobel 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 1993, en deuxi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e d&#8217;\u00e9cole d&#8217;ing\u00e9nieurs, nous faisions <a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/1993\/03\/17\/1993-recherche-bibliographique-lintelligence-artificielle-domaines-dapplication\/\">une recherche bibliographique sur l&#8217;intelligence artificielle<\/a> et impl\u00e9mentions en C un r\u00e9seau de neurones ART (<em>Adaptive Resonance Theory<\/em>). Les \u00ab ordinateurs neuronaux \u00bb \u00e9taient alors une curiosit\u00e9 de laboratoire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le 8 octobre 2024, le prix Nobel de physique a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cern\u00e9 \u00e0 <strong>John Hopfield<\/strong> et <strong>Geoffrey Hinton<\/strong> pour leurs travaux fondateurs sur les r\u00e9seaux de neurones artificiels. Trois vid\u00e9os pour parcourir ce chemin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Les premiers r\u00e9seaux de neurones<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The First Neural Networks\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/e5dVSygXbAE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Asianometry retrace les d\u00e9buts de l&#8217;id\u00e9e : mod\u00e9liser le neurone, et faire apprendre une machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Le r\u00e9seau de Hopfield : comment une m\u00e9moire se stocke-t-elle ?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Hopfield network: How are memories stored in neural networks? [Nobel Prize in Physics 2024]  #SoME2\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/piF6D6CQxUw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 1982, John Hopfield propose un r\u00e9seau o\u00f9 les souvenirs sont des \u00e9tats stables d&#8217;un syst\u00e8me dynamique. La m\u00e9moire n&#8217;est plus une adresse, mais un paysage vers lequel le syst\u00e8me converge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">AlexNet : le moment o\u00f9 nous avons cess\u00e9 de comprendre l&#8217;IA<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The moment we stopped understanding AI [AlexNet]\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UZDiGooFs54?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:30px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En 2012, AlexNet (Krizhevsky, Sutskever, Hinton) remporte la comp\u00e9tition ImageNet et ouvre l&#8217;\u00e8re de l&#8217;apprentissage profond. Welch Labs montre ce que \u00ab voient \u00bb les couches d&#8217;un r\u00e9seau\u2026 et pourquoi leur fonctionnement nous \u00e9chappe en grande partie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La boucle est boucl\u00e9e : de la curiosit\u00e9 d&#8217;\u00e9tudiant aux outils que nous utilisons chaque jour.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Vid\u00e9os des cha\u00eenes Asianometry, Layerwise Lectures et Welch Labs (en anglais).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u00e9dit\u00e9 en 2024)<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 1993, en deuxi\u00e8me ann\u00e9e d&#8217;\u00e9cole d&#8217;ing\u00e9nieurs, nous faisions une recherche bibliographique sur l&#8217;intelligence artificielle et impl\u00e9mentions en C un r\u00e9seau de neurones ART (Adaptive Resonance Theory). Les \u00ab ordinateurs neuronaux \u00bb \u00e9taient alors une curiosit\u00e9 de laboratoire. Le 8 octobre 2024, le prix Nobel de physique a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9cern\u00e9 \u00e0 John Hopfield et Geoffrey Hinton pour leurs travaux fondateurs sur les r\u00e9seaux de neurones artificiels. Trois vid\u00e9os pour parcourir ce chemin. Les premiers r\u00e9seaux de neurones Asianometry retrace les&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/1993\/03\/17\/des-reseaux-de-neurones-de-1993-au-prix-nobel-2024\/\"> Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32,110,202],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-520","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-theme-information-technologies","category-theme-intelligence-artificielle","category-theme-philosophie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=520"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":528,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/520\/revisions\/528"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=520"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=520"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=520"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}