{"id":3034,"date":"2026-10-12T16:32:15","date_gmt":"2026-10-12T14:32:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/?page_id=3034"},"modified":"2026-10-12T17:57:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-12T15:57:35","slug":"informatique","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/explorer\/informatique\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00e9moire de l&#8217;informatique : une frise"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<style>\n.stx{--l:#c9ced6;--m:#5b6573;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5}\n.stx a,.stx a:visited,.stx a:active,.stx a:focus{color:#14466b;text-decoration:none}.stx a:hover{color:#0a2a42;text-decoration:underline}\n.stx ol.tl a,.stx ul.lst a{font-weight:600}.stx .era h2{color:#212121}\n.stx .crumb{font-size:13px;color:var(--m);margin-bottom:1.2em}.stx .crumb a,.stx .crumb a:visited{color:var(--m)}\n.stx .cards{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(210px,1fr));gap:14px;margin:1em 0 2em}\n.stx .card{border:1px solid 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button.on:focus{background:#2f4a63!important;color:#fff!important}\n.dark .stx table td{border-color:var(--l)}.dark .stx .gal a{background:#333}\n<\/style>\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"crumb\"><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/?page_id=2994\">Explorer le blog<\/a> \u203a M\u00e9moire de l&#8217;informatique : une frise<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les 68 posts de la rubrique <a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/category\/memoire-de-linformatique\/\">M\u00e9moire de l&#8217;informatique<\/a>, rang\u00e9s par date de la machine, du logiciel ou de l&#8217;\u00e9v\u00e9nement. L&#8217;\u00e9tiquette <em>explication<\/em> signale un regard r\u00e9trospectif plut\u00f4t qu&#8217;une archive d&#8217;\u00e9poque. Les boutons filtrent par domaine. Pour comprendre l&#8217;IA d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui, voir <a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/?page_id=3031\">le parcours IA<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"flt\" id=\"stflt\"><button class=\"on\" data-g=\"\">Tout<\/button><button data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"border-color:#c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/button><button data-g=\"Interfaces et Xerox PARC\" style=\"border-color:#4f81bd\">Interfaces et Xerox PARC<\/button><button data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"border-color:#8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/button><button data-g=\"Mobiles et objets\" style=\"border-color:#9bbb59\">Mobiles et objets<\/button><button data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"border-color:#e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/button><button data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"border-color:#3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/button><button data-g=\"Prospective\" style=\"border-color:#b5543c\">Prospective<\/button><button data-g=\"R\u00e9seaux et Web\" style=\"border-color:#5b6573\">R\u00e9seaux et Web<\/button><\/div><script>(function(){var f=document.getElementById('stflt');if(!f)return;f.addEventListener('click',function(e){\nvar b=e.target.closest('button');if(!b)return;f.querySelectorAll('button').forEach(function(x){x.classList.toggle('on',x===b)});\nvar g=b.dataset.g;document.querySelectorAll('.stx li[data-g]').forEach(function(l){l.style.display=!g||l.dataset.g===g?'':'none'});\ndocument.querySelectorAll('.stx .dec').forEach(function(d){d.style.display=d.querySelector('li[data-g]:not([style*=\"none\"])')?'':'none'});});})();<\/script><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"dec\"><div class=\"era\" style=\"--c:#8d6e63\"><h2>Les pionniers<\/h2><small>0 \u2013 1960 \u00b7 4 posts<\/small><p>Avant l&#8217;\u00e9lectronique grand public : le Z1 m\u00e9canique de Konrad Zuse, la naissance de LISP et du COBOL.<\/p><\/div><ol class=\"tl\"><li data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"--c:#3c8b7a\"><span class=\"y\">1913<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2007\/07\/17\/debussy-joue-debussy-golliwoggs-cakewalk-1913\/\">Debussy joue Debussy : Golliwogg&#8217;s Cakewalk (1913)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"--c:#3c8b7a\"><span class=\"y\">1938<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2018\/02\/15\/inside-the-computer-le-z1-de-konrad-zuse\/\">Inside the computer ! Le Z1 de Konrad Zuse<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1958<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/03\/21\/lascension-et-la-chute-de-lisp-trop-bon-pour-le-reste-du-monde\/\">L&#8217;ascension et la chute de LISP, \u00ab trop bon pour le reste du monde \u00bb<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1959<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/03\/07\/le-cobol-le-langage-dont-depend-le-monde-et-que-plus-personne-ne-connait-underscore_\/\">Le COBOL, le langage dont d\u00e9pend le monde et que plus personne ne conna\u00eet (Underscore_)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"dec\"><div class=\"era\" style=\"--c:#5c6bc0\"><h2>Calculer et r\u00eaver la machine<\/h2><small>1960 \u2013 1975 \u00b7 8 posts<\/small><p>L&#8217;ordinateur d&#8217;Apollo, le d\u00e9crochage sovi\u00e9tique, le jeu de la vie, et l&#8217;an 2000 imagin\u00e9 par l&#8217;ORTF, Arthur C. Clarke et les Bell Labs.<\/p><\/div><ol class=\"tl\"><li data-g=\"Prospective\" style=\"--c:#b5543c\"><span class=\"y\">1964<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/03\/23\/arthur-c-clarke-predit-lavenir-en-1964-et-en-1974-arthur-c-clarke-bbc-archive\/\">Arthur C. Clarke pr\u00e9dit l&#8217;avenir, en 1964 et en 1974 (Arthur C. Clarke &#8211; BBC Archive)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #b5543c\">Prospective<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"--c:#3c8b7a\"><span class=\"y\">1965<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/10\/21\/lordinateur-dapollo-1965-et-le-code-qui-a-pose-lhomme-sur-la-lune\/\">L&#8217;ordinateur d&#8217;Apollo : 1965 et le code qui a pos\u00e9 l&#8217;homme sur la Lune<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"--c:#3c8b7a\"><span class=\"y\">1967<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2022\/07\/11\/pourquoi-lordinateur-sovietique-a-echoue-asianometry\/\">Pourquoi l&#8217;ordinateur sovi\u00e9tique a \u00e9chou\u00e9 (Asianometry)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Prospective\" style=\"--c:#b5543c\"><span class=\"y\">1968<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2022\/06\/19\/1968-1979-quand-on-imaginait-ce-que-ferait-lordinateur\/\">1968-1979 : quand on imaginait ce que ferait l&#8217;ordinateur<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #b5543c\">Prospective<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Prospective\" style=\"--c:#b5543c\"><span class=\"y\">1968<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2018\/07\/09\/quand-la-france-revait-linformatique-ina-1968-1970\/\">Quand la France r\u00eavait l&#8217;informatique (INA, 1968-1970)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #b5543c\">Prospective<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"--c:#3c8b7a\"><span class=\"y\">1969<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2020\/05\/14\/le-code-dapollo-12-lu-ligne-a-ligne-curiousmarc\/\">Le code d&#8217;Apollo 12, lu ligne \u00e0 ligne (CuriousMarc)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Pionniers et calcul\" style=\"--c:#3c8b7a\"><span class=\"y\">1970<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2020\/04\/12\/john-conway-et-le-jeu-de-la-vie\/\">John Conway et le jeu de la vie<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #3c8b7a\">Pionniers et calcul<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1972<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2018\/02\/13\/pong\/\">Pong<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"dec\"><div class=\"era\" style=\"--c:#43a047\"><h2>L&#8217;ordinateur devient personnel<\/h2><small>1975 \u2013 1985 \u00b7 25 posts<\/small><p>Apple I et II, TRS-80, VisiCalc, puis le Xerox Star, la Lisa et le Macintosh de Susan Kare.<\/p><\/div><ol class=\"tl\"><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1976<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/01\/29\/laffichage-video-sur-apple-1-et-apple-2-memoire-morte\/\">L&#8217;affichage vid\u00e9o sur Apple 1 et Apple 2 (M\u00e9moire Morte)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1976<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2014\/12\/08\/steve-wozniak-demonte-lun-des-grands-mythes-dapple-bloomberg\/\">Steve Wozniak d\u00e9monte l&#8217;un des grands mythes d&#8217;Apple (Bloomberg)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Prospective\" style=\"--c:#b5543c\"><span class=\"y\">1977<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2017\/10\/01\/archives-alan-kay-et-lapple-ii-1977\/\">Archives : Alan Kay et l&#8217;Apple II (1977)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #b5543c\">Prospective<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1977<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/05\/06\/hacky-shack-lhistoire-du-trs-80-model-i-little-car\/\">Hacky Shack ? L&#8217;histoire du TRS-80 Model I (Little Car)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1977<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2021\/08\/03\/lapple-1-et-lapple-ii-les-machines-qui-ont-fait-apple\/\">L&#8217;Apple 1 et l&#8217;Apple II : les machines qui ont fait Apple<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1977<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/01\/08\/lapple-2-memoire-morte\/\">L&#8217;Apple 2 (M\u00e9moire Morte)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1977<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2018\/02\/13\/quand-sa-jeunesse-est-au-musee-berlin-2018\/\">Quand sa jeunesse est au mus\u00e9e (Berlin, 2018)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Interfaces et Xerox PARC\" style=\"--c:#4f81bd\"><span class=\"y\">1979<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2014\/01\/07\/comment-steve-jobs-a-trouve-linterface-graphique-chez-xerox-triumph-of-the-nerds\/\">Comment Steve Jobs a trouv\u00e9 l&#8217;interface graphique chez Xerox (Triumph of the Nerds)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #4f81bd\">Interfaces et Xerox PARC<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1979<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2017\/02\/05\/dan-bricklin-linventeur-du-tableur-ted\/\">Dan Bricklin, l&#8217;inventeur du tableur (TED)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1979<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/04\/25\/le-motorola-68000-le-processeur-en-avance-sur-son-temps-modern-vintage-gamer\/\">Le Motorola 68000, le processeur en avance sur son temps (Modern Vintage Gamer)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Mobiles et objets\" style=\"--c:#9bbb59\"><span class=\"y\">1980<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2021\/01\/25\/les-ordinateurs-de-poche-des-annees-1980-the-8-bit-guy\/\">Les ordinateurs de poche des ann\u00e9es 1980 (The 8-Bit Guy)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #9bbb59\">Mobiles et objets<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Interfaces et Xerox PARC\" style=\"--c:#4f81bd\"><span class=\"y\">1981<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/04\/10\/le-xerox-star-et-lapple-lisa-aux-sources-de-linterface-graphique\/\">Le Xerox Star et l&#8217;Apple Lisa : aux sources de l&#8217;interface graphique<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #4f81bd\">Interfaces et Xerox PARC<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1981<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2022\/03\/25\/steve-jobs-avant-la-legende-les-entretiens-de-1981-et-de-1991\/\">Steve Jobs avant la l\u00e9gende : les entretiens de 1981 et de 1991<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Interfaces et Xerox PARC\" style=\"--c:#4f81bd\"><span class=\"y\">1981<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2021\/02\/12\/xerox-parc-et-le-star-aux-origines-de-linterface-graphique\/\">Xerox PARC et le Star : aux origines de l&#8217;interface graphique<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #4f81bd\">Interfaces et Xerox PARC<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"R\u00e9seaux et Web\" style=\"--c:#5b6573\"><span class=\"y\">1982<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/05\/02\/un-minitel-un-arduino-et-du-lisp-la-station-de-travail-revee-nino-ivanov\/\">Un Minitel, un Arduino et du Lisp : la station de travail r\u00eav\u00e9e (Nino Ivanov)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #5b6573\">R\u00e9seaux et Web<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1983<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2020\/09\/15\/lordinateur-arrive-dans-lentreprise-fr3-nord-pas-de-calais-1983\/\">L&#8217;ordinateur arrive dans l&#8217;entreprise (FR3 Nord-Pas-de-Calais, 1983)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1983<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/06\/02\/lisa-sabotage-et-enterrement-secret-the-verge\/\">Lisa : sabotage et enterrement secret (The Verge)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1983<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/08\/01\/vivre-avec-un-apple-lisa-action-retro\/\">Vivre avec un Apple Lisa (Action Retro)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"R\u00e9seaux et Web\" style=\"--c:#5b6573\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2016\/02\/29\/comment-envoyer-un-e-mail-en-1984-thames-tv-database\/\">Comment envoyer un \u00ab e-mail \u00bb en 1984 (Thames TV &#8211; Database)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #5b6573\">R\u00e9seaux et Web<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/07\/08\/lhistoire-de-la-touche-commande-%e2%8c%98-apple-explained\/\">L&#8217;histoire de la touche Commande \u2318 (Apple Explained)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/03\/21\/le-brewintosh-un-macintosh-imprime-en-3d-kevin-noki\/\">Le Brewintosh, un Macintosh imprim\u00e9 en 3D (Kevin Noki)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/12\/07\/le-premier-ipad-dapple-le-flatmac-reconstruit-kevin-noki\/\">Le premier iPad d&#8217;Apple ? Le FlatMac reconstruit (Kevin Noki)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/09\/14\/mac-os-classic-lhistoire-de-linterface-graphique-grand-public-macretro\/\">Mac OS Classic : l&#8217;histoire de l&#8217;interface graphique grand public (Mac&#8217;Retro)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2026\/01\/25\/picomac-le-premier-macintosh-40-ans-plus-tard-techantik\/\">PicoMac : le premier Macintosh, 40 ans plus tard (Tech&#8217;Antik)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Interfaces et Xerox PARC\" style=\"--c:#4f81bd\"><span class=\"y\">1984<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2026\/07\/29\/susan-kare-le-macintosh-et-macpaint-1984\/\">Susan Kare, le Macintosh et MacPaint (1984)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #4f81bd\">Interfaces et Xerox PARC<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"dec\"><div class=\"era\" style=\"--c:#fb8c00\"><h2>L&#8217;\u00e2ge d&#8217;or de la micro<\/h2><small>1985 \u2013 1995 \u00b7 19 posts<\/small><p>Thomson et le Nanor\u00e9seau, Atari ST, HyperCard, NeXT, Windows 1 et la naissance de Python.<\/p><\/div><ol class=\"tl\"><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1985<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/07\/31\/lhistoire-meconnue-de-c-codesource\/\">L&#8217;histoire m\u00e9connue de C++ (CodeSource)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1985<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/03\/06\/linformatique-personnelle-de-1985-a-1989-annee-par-annee-techantik\/\">L&#8217;informatique personnelle de 1985 \u00e0 1989, ann\u00e9e par ann\u00e9e (Tech&#8217;Antik)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1985<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/01\/26\/thomson-mo5-to7-et-le-nanoreseau-la-micro-informatique-a-la-francaise\/\">Thomson MO5, TO7 et le Nanor\u00e9seau : la micro-informatique \u00e0 la fran\u00e7aise<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1985<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2017\/10\/22\/windows-1-1985-sur-un-pc-xt\/\">Windows 1 (1985) sur un PC XT<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1986<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/09\/26\/le-meilleur-clavier-dapple-reinvente-mtt\/\">Le meilleur clavier d&#8217;Apple, r\u00e9invent\u00e9 (mtt)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1987<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2016\/02\/23\/arkanoid-sur-amstrad-cpc-hellcat\/\">Arkanoid sur Amstrad CPC (Hellcat)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1987<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2026\/03\/05\/hypercard-a-tout-change-dreamwieber\/\">HyperCard a tout chang\u00e9 (dreamwieber)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1988<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/06\/02\/next-le-cube-nextstep-et-le-mac-daujourdhui\/\">NeXT : le cube, NeXTSTEP\u2026 et le Mac d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1988<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2026\/09\/18\/next-le-systeme-qui-a-donne-macos-et-sauve-apple-olivier-poncet\/\">NeXT, le syst\u00e8me qui a donn\u00e9 macOS et sauv\u00e9 Apple (Olivier Poncet)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1988<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/04\/01\/programmer-en-c-sur-un-mac-classique-think-c-1bit-fever-dreams\/\">Programmer en C sur un Mac classique : THINK C (1Bit Fever Dreams)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Mobiles et objets\" style=\"--c:#9bbb59\"><span class=\"y\">1989<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2021\/11\/01\/latari-portfolio-le-pc-de-poche-de-1989-lgr\/\">L&#8217;Atari Portfolio, le PC de poche de 1989 (LGR)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #9bbb59\">Mobiles et objets<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1989<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2012\/11\/12\/latari-st-dans-the-computer-chronicles-1989\/\">L&#8217;Atari ST dans The Computer Chronicles (1989)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1989<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/06\/11\/macintosh-se-30-a-la-hauteur-de-sa-legende-userlandia\/\">Macintosh SE\/30, \u00e0 la hauteur de sa l\u00e9gende ? (Userlandia)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1989<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/10\/07\/un-macintosh-se-30-en-pieces-neuves-this-does-not-compute\/\">Un Macintosh SE\/30 en pi\u00e8ces neuves (This Does Not Compute)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Mobiles et objets\" style=\"--c:#9bbb59\"><span class=\"y\">1990<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2016\/08\/18\/general-magic-le-smartphone-avant-le-smartphone\/\">General Magic : le smartphone avant le smartphone<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #9bbb59\">Mobiles et objets<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1991<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/05\/27\/lhistoire-meconnue-de-python-codesource\/\">L&#8217;histoire m\u00e9connue de Python (CodeSource)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1992<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2017\/12\/23\/steve-jobs-patron-de-next-devant-les-etudiants-du-mit-1992\/\">Steve Jobs, patron de NeXT, devant les \u00e9tudiants du MIT (1992)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1993<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/04\/12\/mon-reseau-de-neurones-art-1993-2024\/\">Mon r\u00e9seau de neurones ART (1993-2024)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1994<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/11\/22\/avant-le-retour-linterview-la-plus-sincere-de-steve-jobs-1994\/\">Avant le retour : l&#8217;interview la plus sinc\u00e8re de Steve Jobs (1994)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><div class=\"dec\"><div class=\"era\" style=\"--c:#e53935\"><h2>R\u00e9seaux, mobiles et retour de Jobs<\/h2><small>depuis 1995 \u00b7 12 posts<\/small><p>Java et BeOS, le rachat de NeXT, l&#8217;AirPort et le Wi-Fi, puis l&#8217;iPhone, le MacBook Air et Apple Park.<\/p><\/div><ol class=\"tl\"><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1995<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2026\/09\/25\/beos-le-systeme-qui-a-failli-changer-linformatique-olivier-poncet\/\">BeOS, le syst\u00e8me qui a failli changer l&#8217;informatique (Olivier Poncet)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Logiciels et langages\" style=\"--c:#8064a2\"><span class=\"y\">1995<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2025\/07\/03\/lhistoire-meconnue-de-java-codesource\/\">L&#8217;histoire m\u00e9connue de Java (CodeSource)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #8064a2\">Logiciels et langages<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1997<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/01\/22\/1998-lhomme-qui-a-vraiment-sauve-apple-gil-amelio\/\">1998 : l&#8217;homme qui a vraiment sauv\u00e9 Apple ? (Gil Amelio)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Ordinateurs personnels\" style=\"--c:#e0a030\"><span class=\"y\">1997<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2021\/05\/10\/un-thinkpad-neuf-de-1997-lgr\/\">Un ThinkPad neuf de 1997 (LGR)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #e0a030\">Ordinateurs personnels<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">1999<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2018\/10\/09\/tous-les-one-more-thing-dapple-apple-explained\/\">Tous les \u00ab One more thing\u2026 \u00bb d&#8217;Apple (Apple Explained)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"R\u00e9seaux et Web\" style=\"--c:#5b6573\"><span class=\"y\">1999<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/01\/17\/no-wires-comment-lairport-dapple-a-tout-change-the-serial-port\/\">\u00ab No wires \u00bb : comment l&#8217;AirPort d&#8217;Apple a tout chang\u00e9 (The Serial Port)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #5b6573\">R\u00e9seaux et Web<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">2000<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2022\/05\/30\/les-logiciels-oublies-dapple-undefined\/\">Les logiciels oubli\u00e9s d&#8217;Apple (Undefined)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Mobiles et objets\" style=\"--c:#9bbb59\"><span class=\"y\">2007<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2019\/10\/22\/le-9-janvier-2007-la-presentation-de-liphone\/\">Le 9 janvier 2007, la pr\u00e9sentation de l&#8217;iPhone<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #9bbb59\">Mobiles et objets<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">2008<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2018\/02\/24\/2001-2008-2014-un-air-de-famille\/\">2001, 2008, 2014 : un air de famille<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">2008<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2008\/01\/19\/steve-jobs-presente-le-macbook-air-macworld-2008\/\">Steve Jobs pr\u00e9sente le MacBook Air (Macworld 2008)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Apple et NeXT\" style=\"--c:#c0504d\"><span class=\"y\">2017<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/02\/09\/le-design-genial-dapple-park-neo\/\">Le design g\u00e9nial d&#8217;Apple Park (neo)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #c0504d\">Apple et NeXT<\/span><span class=\"tag\">explication<\/span><\/li><li data-g=\"Mobiles et objets\" style=\"--c:#9bbb59\"><span class=\"y\">2017<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2017\/07\/18\/mir-spielen-mat-arduino-2017\/\">Mir spielen mat Arduino (2017)<\/a><span class=\"tag\" style=\"border-left:3px solid #9bbb59\">Mobiles et objets<\/span><\/li><\/ol><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><h2>Panoramas<\/h2><ul class=\"lst\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2019\/10\/10\/les-langages-de-programmation-les-plus-populaires-de-1965-a-2019-data-is-beautiful\/\">Les langages de programmation les plus populaires, de 1965 \u00e0 2019 (Data Is Beautiful)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2022\/06\/13\/levolution-de-macos-de-1984-a-2022-nobel-tech\/\">L&#8217;\u00e9volution de macOS, de 1984 \u00e0 2022 (Nobel Tech)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2026\/08\/25\/dis-papa-pourquoi-les-serveurs-dans-le-cloud-sont-sous-linux-sebastien-stormacq-le-podcast-aws-en-francais\/\">Dis papa, pourquoi les serveurs dans le cloud sont sous Linux ? (S\u00e9bastien Stormacq &#8211; Le podcast AWS en fran\u00e7ais)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><h2>Explications<\/h2><ul class=\"lst\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2021\/02\/02\/quest-ce-qui-provoque-un-ecran-bleu-dave-plummer-daves-garage\/\">Qu&#8217;est-ce qui provoque un \u00ab \u00e9cran bleu \u00bb ? (Dave Plummer &#8211; Dave&#8217;s Garage)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2022\/10\/17\/les-origines-du-son-dapple-david-castello-lopes-europe-1\/\">Les origines du son d&#8217;Apple (David Castello-Lopes &#8211; Europe 1)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2023\/04\/25\/pourquoi-y-a-t-il-un-sur-le-clavier-inkbox\/\">Pourquoi y a-t-il un @ sur le clavier ? (Inkbox)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"stx\"><h2>Clins d&#8217;\u0153il<\/h2><ul class=\"lst\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/01\/01\/11111101000\/\">11111101000<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/2024\/07\/08\/ceci-nest-pas-limage-dune-pipe\/\">Ceci n&#8217;est pas l&#8217;image d&#8217;une pipe<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Explorer le blog \u203a M\u00e9moire de l&#8217;informatique : une frise Les 68 posts de la rubrique M\u00e9moire de l&#8217;informatique, rang\u00e9s par date de la machine, du logiciel ou de l&#8217;\u00e9v\u00e9nement. L&#8217;\u00e9tiquette explication signale un regard r\u00e9trospectif plut\u00f4t qu&#8217;une archive d&#8217;\u00e9poque. Les boutons filtrent par domaine. Pour comprendre l&#8217;IA d&#8217;aujourd&#8217;hui, voir le parcours IA. ToutApple et NeXTInterfaces et Xerox PARCLogiciels et langagesMobiles et objetsOrdinateurs personnelsPionniers et calculProspectiveR\u00e9seaux et Web Les pionniers 0 \u2013 1960 \u00b7 4 posts Avant l&#8217;\u00e9lectronique grand public&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"><a class=\"btn btn-default\" href=\"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/explorer\/informatique\/\"> Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">  Read More<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2994,"menu_order":40,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3034","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3034"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3485,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3034\/revisions\/3485"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2994"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/smalltalks.eu\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}